Tag Archives: gene silencing

Webinar - Advances in Gene Silencing - New Tools for knockdown of mRNA and lncRNA

lncRNA

Join this free webinar to learn about:

The new advanced tools for potent gene silencing in vitro and
in vivo
The challenges of inhibiting long non-coding RNA and how to overcome them
The essentials of a successful RNA knockdown experiment using LNA™ GapmeRs

Thursday November 14, 2023

Chicago 9:00, Boston 10:00, London 15:00, Berlin 16:00,
Delhi 19:30, Beijing 22:00. The webinar will be available on demand a couple of days after the live event.

Go to registration page

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Small RNAs derived from lncRNA RNase MRP have gene-silencing activity

Post-transcriptional processing of some long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) reveals that they are a source of miRNAs. Researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine show that the 268 nt non-coding RNA component of Mitochondrial RNA Processing endoribonuclease, (RNase MRP) is the source of at least two short (∼20nt) RNAs designated RMRP-S1, and RMRP-S2, that function as miRNAs. Point mutations in RNase MRP cause human Cartilage Hair Hypoplaisia (CHH), and several disease-causing mutations map to RMRP-S1 and -S2. SHAPE chemical probing identified two alternative secondary structures altered by disease mutations. RMRP-S1 and S2 are significantly reduced in two fibroblast cell lines and a B cell line derived from CHH patients. Tests of gene regulatory activity of RMRP-S1 and S2 identified over 900 genes that were significantly regulated, of which over 75% were down regulated, and 90% contained target sites with seed complements of RMRP-S1 and S2 predominantly in their 3′ UTRs. Pathway analysis identified regulated genes that function in skeletal development, hair development, and hematopoietic cell differentiation including PTCH2 and SOX4 among others, linked to major CHH phenotypes. Also, genes associated with alternative RNA splicing, cell proliferation and differentiation were highly targeted. Therefore, alterations RMRP-S1 and S2, caused by point mutations in RMRP, are strongly implicated in the molecular mechanism of CHH.

mrp

  • Rogler LE, Kosmyna B, Moskowitz D, Bebawee R, Rahimzadeh J, Kutchko K, Laederach A, Notarangelo LD, Giliani S, Bouhassira E, Frenette P, Roy-Chowdhury J, Rogler CE. (2013) Small RNAs derived from lncRNA RNase MRP have gene-silencing activity relevant to human Cartilage Hair Hypoplasia. Hum Mol Genet [Epub ahead of print]. [abstract]

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  • lncRNA Structure prediction
  • lncrna mutation secondary structure

The role of long non-coding RNA in transcriptional gene silencing

Transcriptional gene silencing controls the activity of transposable elements and expression of protein-coding genes. It requires non-coding transcription, which in plants is performed by RNA Polymerases IV and V (Pol IV and Pol V). Pol IV produces precursors for siRNA biogenesis while Pol V produces scaffold transcripts required for siRNAs and associated proteins to recognize their target loci. In this review the author discusses the mechanisms used by Pol IV and Pol V to mediate repressive chromatin modifications. I further discuss the mechanisms controlling non-coding transcription and their role in regulation of genome activity.

  • Wierzbicki AT. (2013) The role of long non-coding RNA in transcriptional gene silencing. Curr Opin Plant Biol 15(5):517-22. [abstract]

New Study Suggests lncRNA Transcription Triggers Gene Silencing

from Genomeweb

Researchers from the Babraham Institute this week published new data shedding light on the ways long non-coding RNAs impact gene expression, showing that the transcription of one particular lncRNA, and not the lncRNA itself, was sufficient to silence a target gene.

It is unknown if this characteristic extends to other lncRNAs, but the findings, which appeared in Science, hint at the possibility of a greater number of roles for lncRNAs in the mammalian genome than previously appreciated, according to the study’s authors.

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  • polycomb lncrna